Notarised vs Apostilled Translations – Which Does the UK Require?
In the UK, navigating the requirements for certified translations can be confusing, especially when distinguishing between notarised and apostilled translations. These terms are often used interchangeably, but they represent different legal processes and serve distinct purposes. Understanding which one you need is essential for ensuring your documents are accepted by the relevant authority.
Whether you are an expat applying for residency, a solicitor handling court documents, or a student planning to study abroad, this guide offers a clear comparison between notarised and apostilled translations, who certifies them, associated costs, timelines, and practical use cases.
Understanding Certified, Notarised & Apostilled Translations
What is a Certified Translation in the UK?
A certified translation in the UK is a translated document accompanied by a signed declaration from the certified translator or translation agency, confirming it is a true and accurate representation of the original. This certification is often sufficient for everyday administrative uses such as banking, employment, and academic applications.
What is a Notarised Translation?
A notarised translation involves a UK notary public. The translator swears before the notary that the translation is accurate. The notary then verifies the translator’s identity and signs and seals a notarial certificate. This adds a legal layer of authenticity to the translation, making it suitable for UK legal use such as court proceedings and immigration.
What is an Apostille?
An apostille is a certificate issued by the UK Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO) that authenticates the notary's signature. This step is essential for documents that will be used abroad, particularly in countries that are part of the Hague Apostille Convention. The apostille ensures the document will be legally recognised overseas.
Key Differences: Notarised vs Apostilled Translations
Purpose and Legal Use
Notarised translations are generally used for official purposes within the UK, such as submitting evidence to a UK court or working with a solicitor. Apostilled translations, on the other hand, are meant for international use, often required by foreign authorities, universities, or embassies.
Certifying Authorities
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Notarised: Verified by a UK notary public.
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Apostilled: Certified by the FCDO after notarisation.
Required Documents for Each
Notarisation requires the original document and the translation. For apostille, the notarised translation must be submitted to the FCDO, often with a cover letter and payment.
International Acceptance
Apostilled documents are valid in over 120 countries that are signatories of the Hague Convention. Notarised documents without an apostille may not be accepted internationally.
When Does the UK Require Apostille vs Notarisation?
FCDO Requirements for Apostille Translations
The FCDO requires that translations be notarised before they can be apostilled. This ensures a chain of authentication that can be trusted by foreign entities. For example, if you are submitting a birth certificate to an embassy in Spain, you will likely need an apostilled translation.
Notary Use Cases in UK Legal Proceedings
In domestic scenarios, such as presenting documents in a UK court or submitting evidence to the Home Office, notarised translations are typically sufficient. They confirm that the translation is accurate and that the professional translator is recognised.
Common Scenarios for Apostille
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Marriage abroad
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University enrolment in a foreign country
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Visa and immigration applications outside the UK
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Dual citizenship and international adoption
Common Scenarios for Notarisation
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Submitting foreign documents in UK legal proceedings
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Home Office applications
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Employment within regulated UK industries
Exceptions and Grey Areas
Some institutions may require both notarisation and apostille. It’s always wise to check with the receiving organisation before proceeding.
Timeline and Cost Comparison
| Service | Estimated Cost | Average Processing Time |
| Certified Translation | £30–£60 per page | 1–2 business days |
| Notarisation | £60–£100 | 1–2 business days |
| Apostille (FCDO) | £30 (standard) | 2–4 business days |
Additional courier or administration fees may apply, especially for expedited services. Bundled services through translation providers can help reduce overall costs.
How to Get Your Translation Notarised or Apostilled in the UK
Step-by-Step Notarisation Process
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Hire a certified translator or agency.
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The translator signs a statement of truth.
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The notary verifies the translator’s identity.
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The notary signs and stamps the certificate.
FCDO Apostille Process Overview
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Complete notarisation.
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Submit the notarised document to the FCDO.
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Include payment and cover letter.
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Receive the apostilled document.
Where to Apply
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Notarisation: Through a UK notary public.
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Apostille: Via the FCDO Legalisation Office or GOV.UK.
Required Documents Checklist
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Original document
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Certified translation
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Notarial certificate
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Completed FCDO application
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Payment and return envelope
Choosing the Right Service for Your Situation
For Expats
If you are relocating or marrying abroad, apostilled translations are usually necessary to meet foreign bureaucratic standards.
For Legal Professionals
Solicitors submitting foreign documents to UK courts typically require notarised translations. The legal validation helps the court accept the documents as genuine.
For Students
Foreign universities often require academic transcripts and diplomas to be apostilled. Always check the institution's specific requirements.
Document Use in EU vs Non-EU Countries
EU countries generally demand apostilles for official documents. Non-EU countries may have varying requirements, so it’s essential to verify.
Mistakes to Avoid When Submitting Apostilled or Notarised Translations
Incomplete Documents
Always include both the original and the translated documents, along with any necessary certificates.
Using Unaccredited Translators
Translations must be carried out by qualified professionals or recognised agencies to be eligible for notarisation and apostille.
Skipping Notarisation for Apostille
The FCDO will not apostille a translation unless it has first been notarised.
Misunderstanding Legalisation Requirements
Assuming a certified translation is sufficient can lead to rejection. Always confirm what is legally required in your situation.
Final Thoughts – Which Should You Choose?
Choosing between notarised and apostilled translations depends on the destination and purpose of your document. For domestic use within the UK, a notarised translation is often sufficient. For international applications, particularly in countries that adhere to the Hague Apostille Convention, you’ll likely need an apostilled translation.
FAQs
What’s the difference between a notarised and certified translation?
A certified translation is signed by the translator. A notarised translation is signed and stamped by a notary public.
Who can apostille a document in the UK?
Only the UK FCDO can issue apostilles for documents intended for use abroad.
Is a notary translation valid abroad?
Only if it is also apostilled. A notarised document alone may not be recognised internationally.
Can I apostille a translated document myself?
You must submit it to the FCDO. Apostilles cannot be self-issued.